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—Risk Factors for Learned Helplessness: Multivariable Model
| Risk Factor | OR (95% CI) | P Value |
| Current ICU length of stay | ||
| ≤ 3 d | 1.78 (1.14-2.78) | .01 |
| Education level | ||
| Grade school/high school | 3.27 (1.29-8.27) | .01 |
| College/university | 2.01 (0.79-5.08) | .14 |
| Advanced degree | 1.00 (reference group) | … |
| Stress levels | < .001 | |
| > 18 | 4.15 (2.65-6.50) | |
| ≤ 18 | 1.00 (reference group) |
