Table 1.
Question |
On the average, how long does your child sleep at night? |
At what time does your child go to bed? |
At what time does your child wake up? |
Have you seen or heard your child having nightmares that he/she does not remember the next day? |
Has he/she expressed fear of sleeping in the dark? |
Is your child easy to wake up in the morning? |
Does your child go to bed willingly? |
Is he/she a restless sleeper? |
Have you seen your child smiling during sleep? |
Does he/she wake up at night? |
Have your heard your child talking in his/her sleep? |
Have you observed him/her sleepwalking? |
While asleep, does he/she ever sit up in bed? |
Does he/she grind his/her teeth during sleep? |
Have you heard your child laugh during sleep? |
Has your child told you about having a frightening dream? |
Have you observed repetitive actions such as rocking or head banging during sleep? |
Does he/she have problems with bed wetting? |
Have your observed your child having a nightmare during which he/she appeared extremely afraid or terrified? |
Have you looked in on your child and discovered he/she was crying while asleep? |
Has he/she told you about having a pleasant dream? |
Does your child complain about difficulties going to sleep? |
Does your child get up to go to the bathroom during the night? |
Does your child stop breathing during sleep? (Apnea during sleep) (Q2) |
Does your child struggle to breathe while asleep? (Struggle breathing when asleep) (Q3) |
Does your child fall asleep easily? |
Do you ever shake your child to make him/her breathe again when asleep? (Shake child to breath) (Q1) |
Do your child’s lips ever turn blue or purple while asleep? |
Are you ever concerned about your child’s breathing during sleep? (Breathing concerns while asleep) (Q4) |
How loud is the snore? (Loudness of snoring) (Q5)a |
How often does your child snore? (Snoring during sleep) (Q6) |
How often does your child have a sore throat? |
Does your child complain of morning headaches? |
Is your child a daytime mouth breather? |
Is your child sleepy during the daytime? |
Does your child fall asleep at school? |
Does your child fall asleep while watching television? |
Q refers to questions in the Mokken Scale Analyses.
Q5 is scored as 0: mildly quiet; 1: medium loud; 2: loud; 3: very loud; 4: extremely loud.