Table 2.
Final Adjusted Model for Provision of Bystander-Initiated CPR.*
| Variable | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|
| Individual level | ||
| Age in decades† | 0.94 (0.92–0.96) | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 1.00 | |
| Female | 1.01 (0.93–1.09) | 0.87 |
| Race or ethnic group | ||
| White | 1.00 | |
| Black | 0.78 (0.70–0.87) | <0.001 |
| Hispanic | 0.73 (0.61–0.87) | 0.001 |
| Other | 0.94 (0.74–1.21) | 0.65 |
| Unknown | 0.80 (0.72–0.89) | <0.001 |
| Witnessing of cardiac arrest | ||
| Unwitnessed | 1.00 | |
| Witnessed | 2.01 (1.85–2.17) | <0.001 |
| Location of cardiac arrest | ||
| Private | 1.00 | |
| Public | 1.70 (1.54–1.87) | <0.001 |
| Neighborhood level | ||
| Median household income and racial composition | ||
| ≥$40,000 and >80% white | 1.00 | |
| ≥$40,000 and integrated | 1.03 (0.64–1.65) | 0.90 |
| ≥$40,000 and >80% black | 0.77 (0.68–0.86) | <0.001 |
| <$40,000 and >80% white | 0.65 (0.51–0.82) | <0.001 |
| <$40,000 and integrated | 0.62 (0.56–0.70) | <0.001 |
| <$40,000 and >80% black | 0.49 (0.41–0.58) | <0.001 |
*
The predictive accuracy of this model was assessed with the use of measures of calibration and discrimination. The goodness-of-fit P value on Hosmer–Lemeshow testing was 0.23 (calibration), and the area under the receiver- operating-characteristic curve was 0.64 (discrimination) (see the Supplementary Appendix).
†
For every 10-year increase in age after the age of 18, there was an associated decrease in the likelihood of having bystander-initiated CPR performed.