Table 3.
Studies of bloodstream infections in patients with fever
| Patients | Positive Culture |
TB | NTBM | NTS | SP | GN | SA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (% of positive cultures by HIV status) | ||||||
| Malawi | ||||||||
| Peters, et al15 | 2† | 9† | 1† | |||||
| HIV+ | 291 (83) | 118 (41) | 55(47) | 44 (37) | 13 (11) | |||
| HIV− | 61 (17) | 10 (16) | 2 (20) | 2 (20) | 3 (30) | |||
| Archibald16 | ||||||||
| HIV+ | 173 (74) | 62 (36) | 20 (32) | 4(6) | 12 (19) | 21(34) | 4 (6) | 0 |
| HIV− | 60 (26) | 8 (13) | 0 | 0 | 1 (13) | 4(50) | 2 (25) | 0 |
| Tanzania | ||||||||
| Archibald17 | ||||||||
| HIV+ | 282 (55) | 118 (42) | 57 (48) | 0 | 23(19)‡ | 6 (5) | 14(12) | 5 (4) |
| HIV− | 235 (45) | 27 (11) | 3 (11) | 1 (3) | 7 (26) | 5 (19) | 8 (30) | 8 (30) |
| Uganda | ||||||||
| Jacobs, et al1^ | 381 | 72(19) | 25** | 30** | 20† | 6† | 5† | 12† |
| HIV+ | 320 (85)* | † | † | |||||
| HIV− | 57 (15) | |||||||
| Ssali, et al18 | ||||||||
| HIV+ | 227 (76) | 61 (27) | 28 (46) | 2 (3) | 13 (21)‡ | 11(18) | 5 (8) | 0 |
| HIV− | 72 (24) | 11 (15) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4(36) | 3 (27) | 2 (18) |
CN – Cryptococcus neoformans; GN – gram negative bacteriae other than salmonella; NTBM – Nontuberculous mycobacteria; NTS – nontyphoid salmonella species; SA – Staphylococcus aureus; SP – Streptococcus pneumonia; TB – Mycobacteria tuberculosis
†
Results not available by HIV status
‡
All salmonella species, including typhi
^
Indication for culturing was sepsis. Only 58% of pts had fever on admission.
*
only 377 patients tested for HIV
**
out of 249 pts tested for mycobacterial blood cultures