Figure 5. Radiographic appearance of calvarial bone defects after application with no implant (No implant), ACS with rhBMP-2 (rhBMP-2), ACS with empty polyhedra (CP-H), and ACS with H1/fBMP-2 polyhedra (H1/fBMP-2).

(A) Sequential radiographic photos show bone regeneration at 5, 10, and 15 weeks after implantation in the experimental group. (B) BMC in calvarial bone defects after implantation. BMC is shown at 5, 10, and 15 weeks after implantation. * indicates significantly different from rhBMP-2, CP-H polyhedron, and no implant group (p<0.01). ** indicates significantly different from H1/fBMP-2 polyhedron group with 3.6 × 10⁶ polyhedral microcrystals (p<0.05).