Table 1.
Description of Cohort of Neonates to Investigate Whether Severity of CME Predicts Severity of ROP
| Characteristic | All Subjectsa | Presence of CME in Study Eye
|
Progression to Laser Treatment in Study Eye
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yesb | P Value | No | Yesc | P Value | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||
| Neonates, No. (%) | 42 (100) | 21 (50) | 21 (50) | 30 (71) | 12 (29) | ||
| Sex, No. (%) | |||||||
| Males | 23 (54.8) | 10 (47.6) | 13 (61.9) | .16 | 15 (50.0) | 8 (66.7) | .17 |
| Females | 19 (45.2) | 11 (52.4) | 8 (38.1) | 15 (50.0) | 4 (33.3) | ||
| Birth weight, median (SD), g | 760 (272) | 750 (272) | 770 (278) | .65 | 855 (283) | 637 (207) | .047 |
| Gestational age, median (SD), wk | 26.0 (1.8) | 27.0 (1.9) | 25.0 (1.6) | .04 | 26.0 (1.7) | 24.0 (1.5) | .005 |
| Age at imaging, median (SD), wk | 34.0 (1.6) | 34.0 (1.6) | 35.0 (1.6) | .15 | 35.0 (1.8) | 34.0 (1.1) | .69 |
| Race, No. (%) | |||||||
| African American | 22 (52.4) | 11 (52.4) | 11 (52.4) | .90 | 17 (56.7) | 5 (41.7) | .32 |
| White | 17 (40.5) | 8 (38.1) | 9 (42.9) | 10 (33.3) | 7 (58.3) | ||
| Hispanic | 3 (7.1) | 2 (9.5) | 1 (4.8) | 3 (10.0) | 0 (0) | ||
| Systemic characteristics | |||||||
| Apgar score, median (SD) | |||||||
| At 1 min | 4 (2) | 4.0 (2.3) | 3.0 (2.5) | .78 | 4.0 (2.3) | 3.5 (2.5) | .08 |
| At 5 min | 7 (2) | 7 (1.5) | 7 (2) | .10 | 7.0 (1.7) | 7.5 (1.7) | .61 |
| Surgery for PDA, No. (%) | 8 (19.0) | 2 (9.5) | 6 (28.5) | .24 | 4 (13.3) | 4 (33.3) | .99 |
| Culture-proven sepsis, No. (%) | 7 (16.7) | 3 (14.3) | 4 (19.0) | .99 | 4 (13.3) | 3 (25.0) | .99 |
| Surgery for NEC, No. (%) | 5 (11.9) | 3 (14.3) | 2 (9.5) | .99 | 3 (10.0) | 2 (16.7) | .99 |
| Presence of IVH, No. (%) | 17 (40.5) | 7 (33.3) | 10 (47.6) | .53 | 10 (33.3) | 7 (58.3) | .53 |
| Grade 1 | 7 (41.2) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (40.0) | 4 (40.0) | 3 (42.9) | ||
| Grade 2 | 4 (23.5) | 3 (42.9) | 1 (10.0) | 3 (30.0) | 1 (14.3) | ||
| Grade 3 | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (10.0) | 1 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Grade 4 | 5 (29.4) | 1 (14.3) | 4 (40.0) | 2 (20.0) | 3 (25.0) | ||
| Presence of PVL, No. (%) | 5 (11.9) | 1 (20) | 4 (19.0) | .34 | 2 (6.7) | 3 (25.0) | .99 |
| Presence of BPD, No. (%) | 13 (31.0) | 5 (38) | 8 (38.1) | .32 | 10 (33.3) | 3 (25.0) | |
| Presence of hydrocephalus, No. (%) | 5 (11.9) | 2 (40) | 3 (14.3) | .60 | 3 (10.0) | 2 (16.7) | |
| Ocular characteristics in study eye | |||||||
| Age at imaging, median (SD), weeks’ PMA | 34.0 (1.61) | 33.5 (1.6) | 34.5 (1.53) | .16 | 35.0 (1.79) | 34.0 (1.1) | .86 |
| ROP stage at imaging, No. (%) | |||||||
| Stage 0 | 13 (30.9) | 10 (47.6) | 3 (14.3) | .02 | 12 (40.0) | 1 (8.3) | .04 |
| Stage 1 | 6 (14.3) | 1 (4.8) | 5 (23.8) | .08 | 4 (13.3) | 2 (16.7) | .35 |
| Stage 2 | 17 (40.5) | 8 (38.1) | 9 (42.9) | .24 | 14 (46.7) | 3 (25.0) | .13 |
| Stage 3 | 6 (14.3) | 2 (9.5) | 4 (19.0) | .24 | 0 (0) | 6 (50.0) | <.001 |
| Vascular status at imaging, No. (%) | |||||||
| No plus disease | 31 (73.8) | 18 (85.7) | 13 (61.9) | .06 | 27 (90.0) | 4 (33.3) | .001 |
| Pre-plus disease | 6 (14.3) | 1 (4.8) | 5 (23.8) | .08 | 3 (10.0) | 3 (25.0) | .17 |
| Plus disease | 5 (11.9) | 2 (9.5) | 3 (14.3) | .33 | 0 (0) | 5 (41.7) | .001 |
Abbreviations: BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; CME, cystoid macular edema; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PMA, postmenstrual age; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity.
a
One eye per subject was randomly chosen.
b
Two subjects had unilateral imaging with CME and were included in the CME group.
c
Two subjects had unilateral laser and were included in the laser group.