Table 1.

Adverse effects mediated by conventional peritoneal dialysis fluids.

Characteristics of fluid	Adverse effects
Acidic pH (5.0–5.8)	Pain [14, 17]
	Compromised mesothelial cell viability [8, 18]
Lactate buffer (30–40 mmol/L)	Compromised host-cell defense [11]
↑ Glucose concentrations (75.5 to 214 mmol/L)	Peritoneal membrane dysfunction [12]
	Vasculopathy via AGE [12]
	Compromised host-cell defense [6, 19]
↑ Glucose degradation product	Nephrotoxicity [15]
	Peritoneal membrane dysfunction [20, 21]