Figure 4.

Changes in key redox enzymes—sulfadoxine-resistant strain.

Notes: Shown are the effects of chloroquine on key redox enzymes in a sulfadoxine-resistant plasmodium strain (yellow bar). The y-axis denotes estimated changes in enzyme activity in percent, the x-axis compares key redox enzymes. Also shown are the effects of a combination of chloroquine and methylene blue (blue bars) as well as the effects of MB on a non-resistant strain (grayish blue bar). As a baseline, the enzyme activities of a non-resistant strain without any added compounds were taken. Residual standard errors (from the percentage calculations, and given in %) after calculating the pathway activities were as follows (not drawn as these are quite small errors): wild type: 0.53, wild type and added MB: 0.54, chloroquine added: 0.68, chloroquine and MB added: 1.76.