Table 1.
Description of the sample by study location in Jakarta, Indonesia*
| Northern urban slum area (N = 500) | Southern peri-urban area (N = 500) | P value† | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Child's sex female, n (%) | 257 (52%) | 256 (51%) | 0.999 |
| Child's age in months, mean (±SD) | 35 (±14) | 32 (±13) | 0.002 |
| Household size, mean (±SD) | 4.9 (±1.9) | 4.6 (±1.6) | 0.004 |
| Household is below poverty line, n (%) | 289 (58%) | 126 (25%) | < 0.001 |
| Untreated water rate 1,000 child-days, mean (±SD) | 1.0 (±7.3) | 1.2 (±7.9) | 0.406 |
| Head of household's education level | < 0.001 | ||
| Less than primary school, n (%) | 131 (26%) | 83 (17%) | |
| Completed primary school, n (%) | 145 (29%) | 117 (23%) | |
| Secondary school or greater, n (%) | 224 (45%) | 300 (60%) | |
| Primary water source | < 0.001 | ||
| Well water, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 202 (40%) | |
| Tap water, n (%) | 142 (28%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Bottled water, n (%) | 64 (13%) | 79 (16%) | |
| Water kiosk, n (%) | 148 (30%) | 28 (6%) | |
| Combination, n (%) | 146 (29%) | 191 (38%) | |
| Household sanitation facilities | < 0.001 | ||
| Private improved, n (%) | 204 (41%) | 464 (93%) | |
| Shared/public improved, n (%) | 232 (46%) | 21 (4%) | |
| Unimproved, n (%) | 60 (12%) | 13 (3%) | |
| Incidence of diarrhea | |||
| Total diarrhea-days | 343 | 149 | |
| Total child-days of follow-up | 63,192 | 63,676 | |
| Rate/1,000 child-days | 5.43 | 2.34 | < 0.001 |
*
Numbers may not sum to total because of missing data and percentages may not sum to 100% because of rounding.
†
P value for χ2 or Fisher's exact test (categorical variables) or t test (continuous variables).