Table 2.
Characteristics of the 10 lowest ranked HDI countries as targets for off-grid wet sterilization using solar power
| Country | HDI rank* | Rural population (millions)† | Access to electricity %‡ | Use of solid fuels, rural areas %§ | Paved roads % of total roads¶ | Under-5 infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)∥ | Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)** | Solar irradiance (annual average) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Congo | 187 | 42.7 | 11.1 | > 95 | 1.8 | 199 | 670 | 1,700–2,000 |
| Niger | 186 | 12.9 | n.a. | > 95 | 20.7 | 160 | 820 | 2,100–2,300 |
| Burundi | 185 | 7.5 | n.a. | > 95 | 10.4 | 166 | 970 | 1,700–1,900 |
| Mozambique | 184 | 14.4 | 11.7 | > 95 | 20.8 | 142 | 550 | 1,900–2,100 |
| Chad | 183 | 8.1 | n.a. | 94 | 0.8 | 209 | 1200 | 2,100–2,400 |
| Liberia | 182 | 1.5 | n.a. | > 95 | 6.2 | 112 | 990 | 1,800–2,000 |
| Burkina Faso | 181 | 13.1 | 14.6 | > 95 | 4.2 | 166 | 560 | 2,100–2,300 |
| Sierra Leone | 180 | 3.6 | n.a. | > 95 | 8.0 | 192 | 970 | 1,800–2,000 |
| Central African Republic | 179 | 2.7 | n.a. | > 95 | 2.7 | 171 | 850 | 2,000–2,200 |
| Guinea | 178 | 6.4 | n.a. | > 95 | 9.8 | 142 | 680 | 1,900–2,000 |
2011 rank. United Nations Development Program. International Human Development Indicators. http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/. Listed in descending order; 187 countries are ranked.
2010 figures. Estimated from data available from The World Bank. Population, Total: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL; and Urban Population: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS.
2009 figures. The World Bank. Access to Electricity (% of population) http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS/countries. n.a. = data are not available.
2010 figures. World Health Organization. World Health Observatory Data Repository: http://apps.who.int/ghodata/.
Various years (post-2000, except for 1998 for the CAR). United Nations. UNData. Roads, paved (% of total roads) http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?q=road&d=WDI&f=Indicator_Code%3aIS.ROD.PAVE.ZS.
2009 figures. World Health Organization. WHO Statistical Information System. World Health Statistics 2011, p. 24, Table 2. http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2011/en/whs2011_Full.pdf. Africa average is 127.
2008 figures. World Health Organization. WHO Statistical Information System. World Health Statistics 2011, Part I: Health-related Millennium Development Goals. P. 26, 4. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births). http://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2011/en/whs2011_Full.pdf. Africa average is 620. Average annual sum (kWh/m2), 2004–2010. GeoModel.Solar. 2011.
HDI = Human Development Index.