Amniotic fluid (AF) concentration of HBD-2 in women with preterm labor and intact membranes. The median AF concentration of HBD-2 was significantly higher in women with preterm labor who delivered preterm than in those who delivered at term [median 5.5 ng/ml, (range 0.1–140.2) vs. median 3.4 ng/ml, (range 0.5–17), respectively; p=0.001]. Similarly, the median AF concentration of HBD-2 in women with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) was significantly higher than in women with preterm labor without MIAC who delivered preterm [median 17.6 ng/ml, (range 0.9–105.2) vs. median 5.5 ng/ml, (range 0.1–140.2), respectively; p=0.001]. The median AF concentration of HBD-2 was significantly higher in women with MIAC than in those with preterm labor who delivered at term [median 17.6 ng/ml, (range 0.9–105.2) vs. median 3.4 ng/ml, (range 0.5–17), respectively; p=0.004].