Ischemia/reperfusion increased engraftment of BM-derived stromal cells, while G-CSF treatment reduces engraftment. Immunofluorescence staining of Y chromosome demonstrates male donor-derived BM cells localized in the endometrium of female recipients. Immunofluorescence staining of CD45 distinguishes endometrial cells from leukocytes. Immunofluorescence staining of vimentin indicates differentiated stromal cells. (A) Y chromosome-positive (red), vimentin-positive (yellow), and CD45-negative cell (green), demonstrating a BM-derived endometrial stromal cell in the Ischemia/reperfusion injured uteri. (B) Y chromosome-positive, cytokeratin-positive, and CD45-negative cell, demonstrating a BM-derived endometrial stromal cell in the non-injured uteri. (C) Y chromosome-positive, vimentin-positive (yellow), and CD45-negative cell, demonstrating a BM-derived endometrial stromal cell in the uteri of G-CSF treatment group. (D) Y chromosome-positive, cytokeratin-positive, and CD45-negative cell, demonstrating a BM-derived endometrial stromal cell in the uteri of control group. Arrow indicates bone marrow derived cell. Nuclei stained by DAPI are shown in blue. Original magnification, ×200. G-CSF, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor.