Table 5. Summary of radiographic measures evaluated as risk factors for DS in one study.*^*.

	Chen et al13 N = 132	Cinotti et al8 N = 54	Hosoe and Ohmori4 N = 250
Traverse process length	↑†
Traverse process width	NS†
Mean angular motion		NS‡
Mean sagittal translation		↑§
Iliac crest height			↑

^*DS indicates degenerative spondylolisthesis; NS, not significant; and upward arrow, increased odds of DS.

^†L5.

^‡At L4–L5.

^§At L4–L5.