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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Aging. 2012 Sep 3;28(1):35–46. doi: 10.1037/a0029823

Table 2.

Stress response and reinforcement learning outcomes by group

Group t0 cortisol M(SEM) t1 cortisol M(SEM) t2 cortisol M(SEM) Hand immersion task pain M(SEM) Hand immersion task stress rating M(SEM) Sensitivity to Recent Feedback M(SEM) Choose-A Accuracy M(SEM) Avoid-B Accuracy M(SEM)
Younger
Control		 .11 (.02) .09 (.01) .09 (.01) −.16 (.40) 1.16 (.30) .61 (.02) .65 (.04) .74 (.04)
Younger
Stress		 .15 (.02) .15 (.01) .13 (.01) 4.46 (.44) 4.64 (.32) .53 (.02) .80 (.05) .66 (.05)
Older
Control		 .11 (.02) .10 (.01) .10 (.01) −.15 (.41) 1.40 (.30) .57 (.02) .53 (.04) .63 (.04)
Older
Stress		 .11 (.02) .13 (.01) .14 (.01) 5.55 (.42) 3.91 (.31) .52 (.02) .67 (.05) .60 (.05)

Notes. Cortisol in ug/dL and non-log transformed for interpretability. Hand immersion task pain = Δ in pain rating from baseline to hand immersion task. Sensitivity to recent feedback represents performance from the first training block only (initial learning acquisition).