Table 1.
Treatment outcome at pre-, post-, 6-, 18-, and 36-month follow-up for the collapsed group (n = 284) as well as the five different subtypes of primaryatic game using mixed effects model
| p Difference (overall) | Mean estimates (SE), type of game |
p Differences | p Interaction | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time | Mean estimates (SE) across all types of games | Significant pair wise comparisons between time points | Time | Poker Time (n = 102) | VLT (n = 76) | Casino (n = 34) | Betting (n = 43) | Bingo (n = 29) | Type of game | Significant differences between each type of game at each time point | Time × type of game |
| Gambling (NORC DSM-IV Screen for gambling problems) | |||||||||||
| Pre | 8.1 (0.1) | Pre > all times | <0.01 | 8.2 (0.1) | 8.5 (0.2) | 8.0 (0.2) | 8.0 (0.2) | 7.7 (0.3) | 0.042 | VLT > Betting, Bingo | 0.748 |
| Post | 1.8 (0.2) | 2.0 (0.2) | 2.3 (0.2 | 1.8 (0.3) | 1.8 (0.3) | 1.4 (0.3) | VLT > Betting, Bingo | ||||
| 6 mo | 2.0 (0.2) | 2.1 (0.2) | 2.4 (0.2) | 1.9 (0.3) | 1.9 (0.3) | 1.5 (0.3) | VLT > Betting, Bingo | ||||
| 18 mo | 2.1 (0.2) | 2.2 (0.2) | 2.5 (0.3) | 2.0 (0.3) | 2.0 (0.3) | 1.7 (0.3) | VLT > Betting, Bingo | ||||
| 36 mo | 2.0 (0.2) | 2.1 (0.2) | 2.4 (0.3) | 1.9 (0.3) | 1.9 (0.3) | 1.5 (0.3) | VLT > Betting, Bingo | ||||
| Anxiety (Hospital anxiety and depression scale) | |||||||||||
| Pre | 11.0 (0.3) | Pre > all times | <0.01 | 10.7 (0.4) | 11.7 (0.4) | 11.7 (0.6) | 10.5 (0.6) | 10.5 (0.7) | 0.169 | No difference | 0.425 |
| Post | 7.2 (0.3) | Post > 6, 18 | 6.8 (0.4) | 7.9 (0.5) | 7.8 (0.6) | 6.6 (0.6) | 6.7 (0.7) | No difference | |||
| 6 mo | 6.4 (0.3) | 6.1 (0.4) | 7.1 (0.5) | 7.1 (0.6) | 5.9 (0.6) | 5.9 (0.7) | No difference | ||||
| 18 mo | 6.3 (0.3) | 5.9 (0.4) | 7.0 (0.5) | 7.0 (0.7) | 5.8 (0.6) | 5.8 (0.7) | No difference | ||||
| 36 mo | 6.5 (0.4) | 6.1 (0.4) | 7.2 (0.5) | 7.1 (0.7) | 5.9 (0.6) | 6.0 (0.7) | No difference | ||||
| Depression (Hospital anxiety and depression scale) | |||||||||||
| Pre | 9.3 (0.3) | Pre > all times | <0.01 | 8.8 (0.4) | 9.3 (0.4) | 10.6 (0.6) | 9.3 (0.5) | 8.6 (0.6) | 0.061 | Casino > Poker, VLT, Bingo | 0.483 |
| Post | 5.5 (0.3) | Post > 6 | 5.0 (0.3) | 5.5 (0.4) | 6.8 (0.6) | 5.6 (0.5) | 4.8 (0.6) | Casino > Poker, VLT, Bingo | |||
| 6 mo | 4.8 (0.3) | 4.3 (0.4) | 4.8 (0.4) | 6.1 (0.6) | 4.8 (0.5) | 4.1 (0.6) | Casino > Poker, VLT, Bingo | ||||
| 18 mo | 5.0 (0.3) | 4.5 (0.4) | 5.0 (0.4) | 6.3 (0.6) | 5.0 (0.5) | 4.3 (0.6) | Casino > Poker, VLT, Bingo | ||||
| 36 mo | 5.0 (0.3) | 4.6 (0.4) | 5.1 (0.4) | 6.4 (0.6) | 5.2 (0.5) | 4.4 (0.6) | Casino > Poker, VLT, Bingo | ||||
| Overall life satisfaction (quality of life inventory) | |||||||||||
| Pre | 0.3 (0.1) | Pre < all times | <0.01 | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.2) | −0.2 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.4 (0.3) | 0.286 | No difference | 0.960 |
| Post | 1.3 (0.1) | Post < 6, 18 | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.3 (0.2) | 0.9 (0.3) | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.3) | No difference | |||
| 6 mo | 1.6 (0.1) | 1.7 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.3) | 1.8 (0.2) | 1.7 (0.3) | No difference | ||||
| 18 mo | 1.6 (0.1) | 1.7 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.2 (0.3) | 1.8 (0.2) | 1.7 (0.2) | No difference | ||||
| 36 mo | 1.4 (0.1) | 1.5 (0.2) | 1.3 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.3) | 1.6 (0.2) | 1.5 (0.3) | No difference | ||||
Note. VLT, video lottery terminal.