Figure 3.
MA-PPL printed dot arrays on metallic, insulating, and semiconducting surfaces. a, A 3×3 dot array of PEG-Fe3O4 MNP ink patterned by MA-PPL on an Au substrate by intentionally varying the dwell time (1, 3 and 10s). b, A 3×3 dot array of PEG-Fe3O4 MNP ink patterned by MA-PPL on a Si/SiOx substrate by varying the dwell time (1, 3 and 10s). c, A 3a3 dot array of PEG-Fe3O4 MNP ink patterned by MA-PPL on a GaAs substrate by intentionally varying the dwell time (1, 3 and 10s).