Table 2.

Elements of the continuum of care for people who use drugs, abuse, or are drug dependent.

(1) Prevention of drug initiation
Individual targeted interventions through the lifespan
Family-targeted interventions
Community interventions
(2) Identification of substane use conditions
Screening for drug use
Case finding
Assessment and diagnosis
(3) Initiation and engagement in drug treatment
Brief intervention
Promoting engagement, case management/care navigators
Detoxification/withdrawal management
Assessment of social, comorbid medical conditions, and cooccurring disorders
(4) Long-term treatment of substance use illness
Psychosocial
Pharmacotherapy
Treatment of comorbid medical conditions and cooccurring disorders
Promotion of treatment engagement and social stability through legal, social, educational, financial support
(5) Primary care and posttreatment management of patient
Recovery
Medical home
Relapse prevention
Rehabilitation