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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 11.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2012 Aug 30;45(15):2668–2672. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.08.012

Figure 1.

Figure 1

(Left) The ligament tensile-testing apparatus. (Right) A typical damage step force/displacement curve at 50 mm/s loading. It can be noted that displacement continued to briefly increase after the force drop before the actuator decelerated and reversed, indicating system lag (average of 23 milliseconds).