Table 1.
Effects of crude extract, each layer of Balanophora spicata and lupeol acetate (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, 150 mg/kg), and indomethacin (INDOL, 4 mg/kg) on the acetic acid-induced writhes in mice.
| Groups | Dose (mg/kg) | Average writhing no. | Percentages of protection | IC50 (mg/kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VEH | 27.89 ± 1.56 | — | ||
|
| ||||
| Crude extract | 10 | 21.43 ± 2.04 | 23.2 | |
| 25 | 19.29 ± 1.82** | 30.8 | 62.07 | |
| 50 | 17.36 ± 1.61*** | 37.8 | ||
|
| ||||
| n-hexane layer | 10 | 20.00 ± 1.04* | 29.0 | |
| 25 | 19.71 ± 1.06** | 30.1 | 67.33 | |
| 50 | 17.91 ± 1.56*** | 36.5 | ||
|
| ||||
| EtOAc layer | 10 | 21.54 ± 1.88 | 23.6 | |
| 25 | 18.70 ± 3.00** | 33.7 | 56.81 | |
| 50 | 16.57 ± 3.66*** | 41.2 | ||
|
| ||||
| n-butanol layer | 10 | 24.32 ± 1.64 | 13.7 | |
| 25 | 24.13 ± 2.51 | 14.4 | 91.36 | |
| 50 | 19.87 ± 3.60* | 29.5 | ||
|
| ||||
| Water layer | 10 | 20.66 ± 0.93* | 26.7 | |
| 25 | 19.38 ± 2.84** | 31.3 | 68.30 | |
| 50 | 18.21 ± 1.94** | 35.4 | ||
|
| ||||
| Lupeol acetate | 10 | 21.04 ± 2.19 | 24.6 | |
| 25 | 15.08 ± 2.46*** | 45.8 | 28.32 | |
| 50 | 4.56 ± 1.58*** | 83.7 | ||
|
| ||||
| ASA | 150 | 15.33 ± 0.78*** | 45 | 166.56 |
|
| ||||
| INDOL | 4 | 15.45 ± 0.76*** | 45.2 | 4.484 |
Data are represented as mean ± S.E. N = 6 per group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 as compared with the VEH group.