Table 3.
Hormonal Contraceptives and Cognitive Outcomes According to Years of Use in Female Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention Study Participants
| Cognitive domain | Duration of use (years) | Score Mean (95% CI)a,b | p valuea,b(Overall p=0.096) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal Ability | Never user (n=34) | −0.09 (−0.65-0.46) | 0.16 |
| <5 (n=69) | 0.64 (0.27-1.02) | ||
| 5–<15 (n=99) | 0.33 (0.02-0.65) | ||
| 15+ (n=51) | 0.50 (0.06-0.93) | ||
| Visuo-spatial Ability | Never user | −0.35 (−0.86 to 0.16) | 0.05 |
| <5 | 0.41 (0.06-0.75) | ||
| 5–<15 | 0.30 (0.00-0.59) | ||
| 15+ | 0.51 (0.11-0.92) | ||
| Working Memory | Never user | −0.09 (−0.61-0.45) | 0.38 |
| <5 | 0.13 (−0.23-0.49) | ||
| 5 to <15 | 0.27 (−0.03-0.57) | ||
| 15+ | 0.48 (0.06-0.90) | ||
| Verbal Learning & Memory | Never user | 0.49 (0.00-0.99) | 0.48 |
| <5 | 0.63 (0.29-0.96) | ||
| 5–<15 | 0.34 (0.05-0.62) | ||
| 15+ | 0.27 (−0.13-0.67) | ||
| Speed & Flexibility | Never user | −0.01 (−0.37-0.35) | 0.03 |
| <5 | 0.48 (0.24-0.73) | ||
| 5–<15 | 0.54 (0.33-0.74) | ||
| 15+ | 0.68 (0.39-0.96) |
a
Adjusted for age at intake, SES, years of education, and parity.
b
A Bonferroni adjustment was adopted for multiple comparisons.