. 2012 Dec;102(12):2344–2351. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300774

TABLE 2—

Parameter Estimates for Change in Blood Pressure for Each Doubling of Blood Lead, Stratified by Gender: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2001–2008

	Men (n = 5631)			Women (n = 5362)
Pressure Type	White, b (SE)	Black,^a b (SE)	Black-White Difference, P	White, b (SE)	Black,^a b (SE)	Black-White Difference, P
SBP	0.3 (0.6)	2.8*** (0.7)	< .01	0.8 (0.9)	4.0*** (1.1)	< .01
DBP	0.6 (0.4)	1.5 (0.8)		1.3** (0.5)	1.9** (0.7)
PP	−0.3 (0.5)	1.3 (0.8)		−0.5 (0.7)	2.1* (0.9)	< .01

Note. DBP = diastolic blood pressure; PP = pulse pressure; SBP = systolic blood pressure. All results were weighted to account for complex survey design. Models were adjusted for age, age², education (< high school, ≥ high school), family poverty income ratio, hematocrit, body mass index, heavy alcohol use, smoking status (never, former, current), diabetes diagnosis, antihypertensive medication use, and dietary intake of sodium, calcium, and potassium.

^{^a}

Parameter estimates for Blacks were calculated postestimation as the linear combination of the parameter estimate for Whites and the parameter estimate for the interaction between race and blood lead, as follows:

Blood pressure = b₀ + b₁(Black race) + b₂(blood lead) + b₃(Black race*blood lead) + b_4-n(covariates).

White = b₂.

Black = b₂ + b₃.

*P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001. Statistical test for difference of parameter estimate from zero.