Table 5. Complications and adverse events following single-level and multilevel C-ADR.*.
| Single level, % (n/N) | Multilevel, % (n/N) | P | Follow-up, y | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reoperation | ||||
| Coric et al 7 (2010) | 5.0 (2/40) | 16.7 (2/12) | NR | 2 |
| Huppert et al 5 (2011) | 2.3 (4/175) | 3.6 (2/56) | NS | 2 |
| Pimenta et al 4 (2007) | 4.2 (3/71) | 2.9 (2/69) | NS | NR |
| Revision | ||||
| Huppert et al 5 (2011) | 0.6 (1/175) | 0 (0/56) | NS | 2 |
| Heterotopic ossification | ||||
| Any | ||||
| Huppert et al 5 (2011) | 66.7 (110/165) | 55.0 (61/111) | .02 | 2 |
| Tu et al 8 (2011) | 30.0 (6/20) | 75.0 (12/16) | .007 | 1 |
| Grade IV | ||||
| Coric et al 7 (2010) | 0 (40) | 8.3 (1/12) | NR | 2 |
| Huppert et al 5 (2011) | 10.3 (17/165) | 7.2 (8/111) | NS | 2 |
| Pimenta et al 4 (2007) | 1.4 (1/71) | 0 (0/69) | NR | NR |
| Dysphagia | ||||
| Huppert et al 5 (2011) | 4.0 (7/175) | 16.1 (9/56) | .002 | 2 |
| Device subsidence | ||||
| Huppert et al 5 (2011) | 1.1 (2/175) | 0 (5/56) | NS | 2 |
| Device migration | ||||
| Huppert et al 5 (2011) | 0.6 (1/175) | 1.8 (1/56) | NS | 2 |
| Infection | ||||
| Pimenta et al 4 (2007) | 0 (0/71) | 0 (0/69) | – | NR |
| Mortality | ||||
| Pimenta et al 4 (2007) | 0 (0/71) | 0 (0/69) | – | NR |
| Any event | ||||
| Goffin et al 3 (2010) | 66.3 (61/92) | 40.0 (4/10) | NR | 6 † |
*
Incidences reflect the number of patients with one or more adverse event/complication. C-ADR indicates cervical artificial disc replacement; NR, not reported; and NS, not significant.
†
Approximately 60% of all reported adverse events occurred 2 years after index surgery and about 15% of these events were continuations of earlier reports.