Table 6.
Associations of type of ART with risk of ARM according to plurality of birth
|
Plurality of birth |
ART |
Population-based controls N (%) |
All ARM cases |
Prospectively collected ARM cases in 2009 to 2011 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | N (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | |||
| Singletons |
No |
9,664,317 (99%) |
249 (94%) |
1.0 (Reference) |
- |
116 (94%) |
1.0 (Reference) |
- |
| |
IVF |
26,743 (0.3%) |
7 (3%) |
10.2 (4.8–21.5) |
<0.0001 |
3 (3%) |
9.4 (3.0–29.4) |
<0.0001 |
| |
ICSI |
54,296 (0.6%) |
9 (3%) |
6.4 (3.3–12.5) |
<0.0001 |
4 (3%) |
6.1 (2.3–16.6) |
<0.0001 |
| Multiple births |
No |
275,687 (85%) |
16 (53%) |
1.0 (Reference) |
- |
5 (42%) |
1.0 (Reference) |
- |
| |
IVF |
18,060 (6%) |
6 (20%) |
5.7 (2.2–14.6) |
<0.0001 |
3 (25%) |
9.2 (2.2–38.3) |
0.0002 |
| ICSI | 30,883 (10%) | 8 (27%) | 4.5 (1.9–10.4) | 0.0002 | 4 (33%) | 7.1 (1.9–26.6) | 0.0006 | |
ART = assisted reproductive techniques, OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, IVF = in-vitro fertilization, ICSI = intracytoplasmic sperm injection.