Table 2.
Meningococcal meningitis among children aged < 60 months in China, Korea and Vietnam by age and gender group, 1999 through 2002*
| Characteristics |
PCR-confirmed |
Culture-confirmed |
Total |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
China |
Korea |
Vietnam |
Vietnam |
||
|
(n = 56) |
(n = 92) |
(n = 110) |
(n = 10) |
(n = 268)b |
|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
| Age (months) | |||||
| < 1 |
17 (30.4) |
28 (30.4) |
23 (20.9) |
1 (10.0) |
69 (25.7) |
| 1-6 |
11 (19.6) |
26 (28.3) |
29 (26.4) |
1 (10.0) |
67 (25.0) |
| 7-11 |
5 (8.9) |
4 (4.3) |
21 (19.1) |
4 (40.0) |
34 (12.7) |
| 12-23 |
11 (19.6) |
11 (12.0) |
9 (8.2) |
3 (30.0) |
34 (12.7) |
| 24-35 |
3 (5.4) |
4 (4.3) |
8 (7.3) |
1 (10.0) |
16 (6.0) |
| 36-47 |
6 (10.7) |
11 (12.0) |
11 (10.0) |
0 |
28 (10.4) |
| 48-59 |
3 (5.4) |
8 (8.7) |
9 (8.2) |
0 |
20 (7.5) |
|
Gender | |||||
| Female |
13 (23.2) |
31 (33.7) |
53 (48.2) |
5 (50.0) |
102 (38.1) |
| Male |
43 (76.8) |
61 (66.3) |
57 (51.8) |
5 (50.0) |
166 (61.9) |
|
Clinical features | |||||
| Lethargy/coma |
19 (33.9) |
8 (8.7) |
60 (54.5) |
4 (40.0) |
91 (34.0) |
| Irritability/confusion |
17 (30.4) |
7 (7.6) |
29 (26.4) |
4 (40.0) |
57 (21.3) |
| Nuchal rigidity |
17 (30.4) |
7 (7.6) |
43 (39.1) |
6 (60.0) |
71 (26.5) |
| Seizure |
30 (53.6) |
13 (14.1) |
51 (46.4) |
4 (40.0) |
98 (36.6) |
| Vomiting |
3 (5.4) |
18 (19.6) |
64 (58.2) |
7 (70.0) |
92 (34.3) |
| Bulging fontanelle |
8 (14.3) |
1 (1.1) |
31 (28.2) |
2 (20.0) |
42 (15.7) |
| Fever or septic appearance |
29 (51.8) |
80 (87.0) |
82 (74.5) |
9 (90.0) |
200 (74.6) |
|
Outcome | |||||
| Alive |
53 (94.6) |
UK |
UK |
8 (80.0) |
NA |
| Deceased |
3 (5.4) |
UK |
UK |
2 (20.0) |
NA |
|
Prior antibiotic usage | |||||
| Yes | 23 (41.1) | 53 (57.6) | 78 (70.9) | 10 (100.0) | 164 (61.2) |
aSurveillance periods: China, January 1, 2000--December 31, 2002; South Korea: September 1, 1999--December 31, 2001; Vietnam: March 4, 2000-March 3, 2002.
b26 specimens (China, n = 11; Vietnam, n = 15) could not be linked with the clinical database were excluded from analysis.