Figure 3. ADA increases cytokines and chemokines secretion.

iDCs, obtained as indicated in the Materials and Methods, from 9 healthy (circles) and 8 HIV-infected (triangles) donors were cultured during 48 h in medium in the absence (iDCs) or in the presence of 2 µM ADA and the indicated cytokines and chemokines were determined in the supernatant as described in the Materials and Methods. Values are expressed as the ratio (in-fold) of cytokine or chemokine levels obtained in the presence of ADA versus levels obtained in the absence of ADA (iDCs, the reference value of 1 is represented by a dotted line). For each group, the median is indicated by a thick line. *P<0.05; **P<0.01 with respect to iDCs.