CXCR4 is overexpressed in the SHH subgroup of medulloblastoma. A, CXCR4 expression in normal cerebella (fetal n = 9, adult n = 5) and medulloblastoma (MB; n = 103) samples profiled on Affymetrix Exon arrays. Statistically significant upregulation of CXCR4 is evident in SHH subgroup tumors relative to normal fetal cerebellar (P < 3.25E-2) and non-SHH medulloblastoma (P < 3.41E-5) levels. B, histologic and age associations for CXCR4-high and -low SHH medulloblastomas. Tumors were classified as high or low on the basis of 2-fold differences compared with the average normal fetal cerebellar levels of CXCR4. C, representative sections from a human desmoplastic medulloblastoma specimen stained for CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7. Brown, positive staining. Mouse IgG controls were negative. Scale bar, 50 µm.