Table 1.
Class | GLUT isoform | Hepatic expression | Subcellular expression/localisation | Protein/mRNA | Ref. |
Class I | GLUT1 | Yes | Sinusoidal membrane of hepatocytes, protein restricted to hepatocytes proximal to the hepatic venule, also expressed on endothelial cells, kupffer cells and cholangiocytes; hepatocyte expression in HCC | Both | [110,113,115,116,120] |
GLUT2 | Yes | Hepatocytes | Protein | [124-126] | |
GLUT3 | Yes | Hepatocytes, bile canalicular membrane more enriched than sinusoidal membrane | Protein | [115,116,132] | |
GLUT4 | Yes | Stellate cells | mRNA | [115,116,134] | |
GLUT14 | No | ||||
Class II | GLUT5 | Yes | Normal liver tissue hepatocytes (cytoplasmic) | Both | [51,115] |
GLUT7 | No | [140] | |||
GLUT9 | Yes | Majority of expression in hepatocytes of normal liver and HCC with cytoplasmic expression in pericentral areas | Protein | [51] | |
GLUT11 | Yes | mRNA | [115] | ||
Class III | GLUT6 | Yes | mRNA | [76] | |
GLUT8 | Yes | Perivenous hepatocytes | Both | [115,143] | |
GLUT10 | Yes | mRNA | [86,115] | ||
GLUT12 | Yes | mRNA | [98] | ||
GLUT13 | No |
The table summarizes the evidence presented within this review to highlight the reported hepatocellular expression of glucose transporter (GLUT) isoforms at message and protein level. Pertinent references are cited in the extreme right hand column. mRNA: Micro RNA; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.