Table 3.
Area of clinical evaluation | Time | Assessment |
---|---|---|
Growth and feeding |
every visit |
Use published growth curves, investigate need for enteral nutrition |
Psychomotor and cognitive developmental progress |
every visit |
developmental delay and referral to early intervention program and PT/OT |
Neurologic exam |
every visit |
muscular tone abnormalities, seizures, referral to neurology if needed |
Cardiology and echocardiogram |
at birth/diagnosis – follow up as needed |
congenital heart defect, pulmonary hypertension |
Abdominal ultrasound |
at birth/diagnosis - follow up as needed |
renal malformation |
every 6 months until adolescence |
Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma |
|
Ophthalmology |
at birth/diagnosis |
eye malformations |
older children |
photophobia and refractive defects, prescribe sunglasses as needed |
|
Audiology |
at birth/diagnosis - follow up as needed |
sensorineural hearing loss |
Orthopedic exam |
every visit in children older than 2 years |
scoliosis |
Gastroenterology |
if needed |
gastroesophageal reflux, need of enteral nutrition |
Pulmonology |
if needed |
recurrent pulmonary infections, central and obstructive apnea |
Sleep study | if needed | central and obstructive apnea |
Adapted from Carey [12].