Relationship between survivin expression and astrocyte proliferation. Triple-label fluorescence immunohistochemistry was performed for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and survivin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), in sham-operated mice or at 3 days post-ICH. The arrows and box indicate co-localization of survivin, PCNA, and GFAP. Images were obtained in the peri-hematomal brain tissue after ICH, or in the comparable brain region of sham-operated mice (scale bar=20 μm). The bottom-most ICH panels show magnified images (scale bar=10 μm) of co-localization of survivin, PCNA, and GFAP.