Most relevant |
Bias can be largely ruled out or cannot be identified |
Low risk of bias; any bias will have at most a small effect on study results |
Relevant |
Bias can be largely ruled out, slight errors may exist in some areas or cannot be assessed |
Low risk of bias; any bias will have at most a small effect on study results |
Fairly relevant |
Identifiable but not serious bias present in some areas |
Uncertain risk of bias; study results may be affected |
Relevance doubtful |
Slight bias identified in several areas, or some areas cannot be assessed with sufficient certainty because of inadequate description |
Risk of bias; study results probably affected |
Not relevant |
More than slight bias identified in several areas, or such bias cannot be ruled out with sufficient certainty because of inadequate description |
High risk of bias; an effect on study results must be assumed |