Table 4.
Mean concentrations (mg kg−1 soil) and ranges of PAHs, ∑PAHs and ∑TEFs at 10-20 cm depth in soils collected from South Chattanooga and upstream Reference Site. ND= not detected. Bolding indicates value is significantly greater (Dunnett’s Test, p<0.05) than the Reference Site value.
| SITE | CBS | CDED | DB24 | ELHS | HHS | PWE | PWP | TP | TPD | TPU | REF |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||||
| n=18a | n=18 | n=18 | n=8 | n=8 | n=8 | n=8 | n=18 | n=8 | n=18 | n=3 | |
| PAH(s) | |||||||||||
| NAP | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | <0.05 | <0.05 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.3 | <0.05 |
| <0.05-6.3 | 0.1-3.2 | <0.05-0.5 | ND-0.4 | ND-0.5 | ND-<0.05 | ND-<0.05 | ND-1.7 | ND-0.4 | <0.05-0.9 | <0.05-<0.05 | |
| ACY | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 0.2 | <0.05 | <0.05 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | <0.05 |
| <0.05-10.6 | <0.05-0.1 | <0.05-0.2 | ND-<0.05 | <0.05-0.9 | ND-<0.05 | ND-ND | ND-2.3 | <0.05-0.3 | <0.05-0.9 | <0.05-<0.05 | |
| ACE | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 |
| ND-2.6 | <0.05-0.7 | <0.05-0.3 | ND-<0.05 | ND-0.1 | ND-ND | ND-ND | ND-0.2 | ND-0.1 | ND-0.1 | <0.05-<0.05 | |
| FLU | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | <0.05 | 0.1 | <0.05 | <0.05 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 0.1 | <0.05 |
| ND-2.4 | <0.05-0.9 | <0.05-0.4 | ND-0.1 | ND-0.2 | ND-<0.05 | ND-<0.05 | ND-0.3 | ND-0.1 | <0.05-0.2 | <0.05-<0.05 | |
| PHEN | 6.3 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.1 |
| <0.05-40.6 | 0.5-6.7 | <0.05-5.1 | ND-1.1 | <0.05-1.9 | <0.05-0.2 | <0.05-0.1 | <0.05-3.7 | 0.1-0.7 | <0.05-1.9 | 0.1-0.1 | |
| ANTH | 2.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.3 | <0.05 | <0.05 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | <0.05 |
| <0.05-15.2 | 0.1-1.0 | <0.05-1.0 | ND-0.2 | <0.05-1.2 | ND-<0.05 | ND-<0.05 | ND-1.9 | ND-0.9 | <0.05-1.1 | <0.05-<0.05 | |
| FLTH | 21.6 | 2.8 | 4.2 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 5.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 0.1 |
| 0.2-127.3 | 0.8-6.5 | 0.1-10.7 | <0.05-0.9 | 0.1-4.4 | <0.05-0.4 | <0.05-0.1 | 0.1-23.8 | 0.1-5.6 | <0.05-7.0 | 0.1-0.2 | |
| PYR | 19.2 | 2.3 | 3.4 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.2 | <0.05 | 4.9 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.1 |
| 0.2-122.2 | 0.7-4.9 | 0.1-8.3 | <0.05-1.1 | 0.1-3.6 | <0.05-0.3 | <0.05-0.1 | 0.1-20.8 | 0.1-5.0 | <0.05-6.5 | 0.1-0.1 | |
| B[a]A | 15.0 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 4.6 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.1 |
| 0.2-104.0 | 0.5-3.0 | 0.1-5.6 | <0.05-0.9 | <0.05-3.7 | <0.05-0.3 | <0.05- <0.05 |
<0.05-21.2 | 0.1-4.0 | <0.05-5.4 | <0.05-0.1 | |
| CHRY | 13.4 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 5.0 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 0.1 |
| 0.2-86.4 | 0.6-4.1 | 0.1-6.1 | <0.05-0.6 | 0.1-5.2 | <0.05-0.3 | <0.05-0.1 | 0.1-21.1 | 0.1-4.2 | <0.05-7.0 | 0.1-0.2 | |
| B[b]F | 21.6 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 0.6 | 2.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 8.4 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.1 |
| 0.3-113.3 | 0.8-4.7 | 0.1-6.9 | <0.05-1.1 | 0.1-9.2 | <0.05-0.5 | <0.05-0.1 | 0.1-39.3 | 0.2-5.8 | <0.05-17.6 | 0.1-0.2 | |
| B[k]F | 8.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 3.4 | 0.8 | 1.1 | <0.05 |
| 0.1-52.3 | 0.1-1.5 | <0.05-2.9 | ND-0.7 | <0.05-3.5 | <0.05-0.2 | <0.05- <0.05 |
<0.05-16.4 | 0.1-2.1 | <0.05-5.9 | <0.05-<0.05 | |
| B[a]P | 13.0 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 6.7 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 0.1 |
| 0.1-62.6 | 0.5-2.7 | 0.1-5.0 | <0.05-1.1 | 0.1-7.7 | <0.05-0.2 | <0.05-0.1 | <0.05-34.7 | 0.1-4.3 | <0.05-34.7 | 0.1-0.1 | |
| B[ghi]P | 9.6 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 2.0 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 5.5 | 1.0 | 1.9 | 0.1 |
| 0.2-49.7 | 0.2-2.2 | <0.05-3.8 | ND-0.8 | 0.1-8.5 | <0.05-0.2 | <0.05-0.1 | 0.1-30.6 | 0.1-2.7 | <0.05-10.3 | 0.1-0.1 | |
| D[ah]A | 5.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 2.4 | 0.5 | 1.0 | <0.05 |
| 0.1-23.8 | 0.1-0.9 | <0.05-0.8 | ND-0.5 | 0.05-6.5 | ND-0.2 | <0.05-0.1 | 0.1-6.0 | 0.1-0.9 | <0.05-5.5 | <0.05-<0.05 | |
| IND | 8.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 0.1 | <0.05 | 4.7 | 0.8 | 1.7 | 0.1 |
| 0.1-51.0 | 0.2-1.8 | <0.05-3.0 | <0.05-0.7 | 0.1-8.0 | <0.05-0.2 | <0.05-0.1 | <0.05-23.8 | 0.1-2.3 | <0.05-9.0 | 0.1-0.1 | |
|
| |||||||||||
| ∑PAHs | 148.2 | 19.3 | 25.2 | 5.3 | 17.7 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 54.1 | 13.4 | 19.0 | 1.1 |
| 1.8-850.8 | 6.1-43.0 | 0.9-57.0 | 0.1-8.7 | 0.6-65.2 | 0.1-3.0 | 0.2-0.7 | 0.6-245.7 | 0.9-39.0 | <0.05-89.2 | 0.9-1.3 | |
| ∑TEFs | 23.2 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 4.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 10.8 | 2.4 | 3.8 | 0.2 |
| 0.3-114.0 | 0.7-4.5 | 0.2-7.1 | <0.05-1.7 | 0.1-16.3 | <0.05-0.5 | <0.05-0.2 | 0.1-48.0 | 0.2-6.3 | <0.05-18.8 | 0.1-0.2 | |
a
Sites with a sample size of eight indicates the site was sample during events I and II, whereas a site with a sample size of 18 was sampled during all three events.