Table 3.

Prognostic factor analysis in 94 patients with stage IV gallbladder cancer

Variables	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	n	Median survival, months	P-value	HR	95% CI	P-value
Age, years, <60/≥60	39/55	8/8	0.172
Sex, male/female	41/53	8/8	0.525
Bilirubin, maximum, mg/dl, ≤5/>5	77/17	8/9	0.801
CEA, ng/ml, ≤5/>5	53/37	10/7	<0.001	1.849	1.109–3.084	0.018
CA 19-9, U/ml, ≤37/>37	35/48	8/8	0.803
Stage, IVa/IVb	16/78	8/8	0.400
Distant metastases, +/−	57/37	8/8	0.426
Resection with curative intent, +/−	16/78	16/8	<0.001	2.042	1.016–4.101	0.045
R0 resection, +/−	15/79	16/8	<0.001
Adjuvant chemotherapy, +/−	30/55	14/7	<0.001	2.367	1.371–4.085	0.002
Histological grade, G1/G2/G3/G4	15/42/25/1	8/9/8/33	0.462

The variables ‘Resection with curative intent’ and ‘R0 resection’ were linearly dependent covariates and their correlation efficient was 0.962 (P < 0.001). In consequence, R0 resection was removed from the multivariate analysis model.

HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CA 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9.