Table 1.
Prevalence of selected resident characteristics for samples used in analysis: short- vs. long-stay residents in three states combined; controls vs. nursing facility transfer (NFT) for long-stay residents in three states combined; and long-stay NFT residents in three individual states
|
Resident Characteristics |
Three states, combined |
Individual states LOS1 > =90,NFT |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Full sample2 |
LOS > =90 |
|
||||||
| LOS < 90 days | LOS > =90 day | Controls | NFT | Significance3 | Arkansas | Illinois | Michigan | Significance3 | |
| Number of observations |
57,464 |
17,476 |
17,149 |
327 |
|
56 |
91 |
180 |
|
| Age category |
|
|
|
|
** |
|
|
|
* |
| Under 55 years |
4.9% |
6.6% |
6.2% |
29.1% |
|
50.9% |
33.0% |
20.6% |
|
| 55 to 64 years |
6.4% |
7.0% |
6.6% |
23.0% |
|
20.0% |
26.4% |
22.2% |
|
| 65 to 74 years |
17.4% |
13.4% |
13.3% |
21.5% |
|
12.7% |
20.9% |
24.4% |
|
| 75 to 84 years |
36.9% |
31.2% |
31.5% |
18.4% |
|
9.1% |
11.0% |
25.0% |
|
| 85 or more years |
34.5% |
41.8% |
42.5% |
8.0% |
|
7.3% |
8.8% |
7.8% |
|
| ADL Hierarchy category |
|
|
|
|
** |
|
|
|
** |
| Independent (0, 1) |
9.4% |
15.0% |
14.7% |
34.3% |
|
42.9% |
56.0% |
20.6% |
|
| Somewhat dependent (2, 3, 4) |
66.1% |
50.9% |
50.9% |
55.1% |
|
50.0% |
39.6% |
64.4% |
|
| Dependent |
24.5% |
34.0% |
34.5% |
10.7% |
|
7.1% |
4.4% |
15.0% |
|
| Task segmentation |
58.3% |
57.7% |
58.2% |
34.6% |
** |
26.8% |
48.4% |
30.0% |
** |
| Quadriplegia/hemiplegia/paraplegia |
6.2% |
9.0% |
8.8% |
21.1% |
** |
28.6% |
8.8% |
25.0% |
* |
| CPS category |
|
|
|
|
** |
|
|
|
** |
| Intact (0, 1) |
52.3% |
28.6% |
27.8% |
66.7% |
|
83.9% |
74.7% |
57.2% |
|
| Impaired (2, 3, 4) |
42.5% |
57.2% |
57.6% |
31.8% |
|
16.1% |
25.3% |
40.0% |
|
| Severely impaired (5, 6) |
5.2% |
14.3% |
14.5% |
1.5% |
|
0.0% |
0.0% |
2.8% |
|
| Cognitive improvement |
0.7% |
2.0% |
1.9% |
3.7% |
* |
7.1% |
2.2% |
3.3% |
|
| Cognitive deterioration |
4.3% |
7.3% |
7.3% |
2.8% |
* |
0.0% |
7.7% |
1.1% |
* |
| Communication problem |
32.4% |
55.8% |
56.5% |
19.9% |
** |
14.3% |
11.0% |
26.1% |
* |
| Involved in activities >1/3 of time |
90.5% |
84.7% |
84.5% |
96.0% |
** |
92.9% |
94.5% |
97.8% |
|
| Behavior problem (any) |
14.5% |
34.4% |
34.6% |
25.1% |
* |
32.1% |
33.0% |
18.9% |
* |
| Severe behavior problem |
2.4% |
7.8% |
7.3% |
2.5% |
* |
1.8% |
5.5% |
1.1% |
|
| Depression (DRS > =2) |
19.8% |
31.0% |
30.9% |
36.1% |
* |
26.8% |
45.1% |
34.4% |
|
| Bipolar disease |
1.9% |
3.6% |
3.5% |
6.1% |
* |
7.1% |
7.7% |
5.0% |
|
| Schizophrenia |
2.0% |
8.4% |
8.5% |
6.7% |
|
3.6% |
15.4% |
3.3% |
* |
| Hearing problem |
9.5% |
18.9% |
19.0% |
10.1% |
* |
10.7% |
6.6% |
11.7% |
|
| Vision problem |
21.5% |
34.6% |
34.9% |
19.3% |
** |
8.9% |
19.8% |
2.2% |
|
| Bowel incontinence |
22.6% |
39.4% |
39.9% |
16.5% |
* |
17.9% |
7.7% |
20.6% |
* |
| Bladder incontinence |
24.1% |
43.7% |
44.1% |
22.9% |
** |
16.1% |
11.0% |
31.1% |
* |
| Dehydrated |
0.6% |
0.5% |
0.5% |
0.0% |
|
0.0% |
0.0% |
0.0% |
|
| Pain (severe) |
4.0% |
2.0% |
2.0% |
3.7% |
* |
5.4% |
5.5% |
2.2% |
|
| Pressure ulcer stage > =2 |
19.0% |
16.2% |
16.3% |
10.1% |
* |
10.7% |
9.9% |
10.0% |
|
| Terminal illness |
1.3% |
2.0% |
2.0% |
1.5% |
|
0.0% |
0.0% |
2.8% |
|
| Diabetes |
32.3% |
30.4% |
30.2% |
38.5% |
* |
16.1% |
31.0009% |
48.9% |
** |
| Cancer diagnosis |
4.5% |
4.3% |
4.3% |
2.5% |
* |
1.8% |
5.5% |
1.1% |
|
| Parkinson disease |
1.9% |
4.4% |
4.4% |
3.4% |
|
1.8% |
1.1% |
5.0% |
|
| Any cardiac diagnosis |
57.9% |
64.8% |
64.7% |
69.2% |
|
54.7% |
62.4% |
76.7% |
* |
| Physically restrained |
2.4% |
8.6% |
8.8% |
1.5% |
** |
3.6% |
2.2% |
0.6% |
|
| RUG-III CMI category |
|
|
|
|
** |
|
|
|
** |
| .46 to .57 |
2.7% |
15.4% |
15.1% |
32.4% |
|
53.6% |
47.3% |
18.3% |
|
| .58 to .72 |
2.4% |
16.3% |
16.5% |
8.0% |
|
3.6% |
6.6% |
10.0% |
|
| .73 to .91 |
16.5% |
20.4% |
20.3% |
29.1% |
|
16.1% |
23.1% |
36.1% |
|
| .92 to 1.09 |
50.4% |
23.6% |
23.7% |
19.0% |
|
19.6% |
16.5% |
20.0% |
|
| 1.10 to 1.25 |
5.7% |
5.0% |
5.0% |
3.4% |
|
1.8% |
2.2% |
4.4% |
|
| 1.26 to 1.70 |
22.4% |
19.2% |
19.4% |
8.3% |
|
5.4% |
4.4% |
11.1% |
|
| LOS category |
|
|
|
|
** |
|
|
|
|
| Under 60 days |
96.4% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| 60 to 89 days |
3.7% |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
NA |
NA |
NA |
|
| 90 to 179 days |
NA |
13.2% |
13.1% |
19.7% |
|
20.0% |
25.3% |
17.2% |
|
| 180 to 364 days |
NA |
19.1% |
18.8% |
32.4% |
|
24.0% |
32.9% |
34.4% |
|
| 365 to 729 days |
NA |
24.7% |
24.6% |
29.8% |
|
30.0% |
30.4% |
29.4% |
|
| 730 days or more |
NA |
43.0% |
43.6% |
18.1% |
|
26.0% |
11.4% |
18.9% |
|
| Admitted from home |
4.0% |
7.3% |
7.3% |
5.8% |
|
8.9% |
7.7% |
3.9% |
|
| Residents prefers return to community (Q1a) |
78.2% |
19.8% |
18.1% |
63.9% |
** |
55.4% |
55.0% |
71.1% |
* |
| Support person positive about discharge (Q1b) |
29.5% |
3.6% |
3.1% |
30.3% |
** |
25.0% |
16.5% |
38.9% |
* |
| Arkansas-narrow criteria4 |
0.3% |
6.1% |
5.3% |
43.4% |
** |
67.9% |
42.9% |
36.1% |
** |
| Arkansas-broad criteria4 | 12.9% | 23.8% | 23.0% | 64.2% | ** | 91.1% | 70.3% | 52.8% | ** |
Notes:
1) LOS = length of stay until assessment.
2) Full sample includes 100 controls for every NFT observation. All differences in the full 3-state sample between LOS < 90 day and LOS > =90 were significant at p < .05, except for Task Segmentation and Cancer.
3) Significance: * = p < .05; ** = p < .0001.
4) Arkansas-narrow and Arkansas-broad criteria not used in logistic regressions.