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. 2012 Oct 17;110(1):86–93. doi: 10.1038/hdy.2012.68

Table 5. Castle–Wright estimator for the number of genetic factors involved in the difference in each trait between subspecies.

Trait Estimator (s.e.)
PC1 8.1±2.8
HW 7.4±2.7
HL 1.2±1.4
TW 9.2±37.5
TL 1.1±0.7
EW 2.5±6.5
EL 3.8±3.3
Body size 0.1±0.5

Abbreviations: EL, elytron length; EW, elytron width; HL, head length; HW, head width; PC1, first principal component; TL, thorax length; TW, thorax width.