Table 5.
Pregnancy outcome after exposure to erythromycin, penicillin V and amoxicillin during pregnancy
| Total n= 180 120 | Erythromycin n= 5729 | Penicillin V n= 16 695 | Amoxicillin n= 6824 | Controls n= 130 889 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy outcome | n (%) | n (%) | aOR (95% CI) | n (%) | aOR (95% CI) | n (%) | aOR (95% CI) | n (%) |
| Stillbirth and neonatal mortality* | 1519/179 677 (0.9) | 41 (0.7) | 0.77 (0.56, 1.06) | 118 (0.7) | 0.80 (0.66, 0.97) | 62 (0.9) | 0.98 (0.76, 1.27) | 1135 (0.9) |
| Low birth weight† | 7074/179 401 (3.9) | 204 (3.6) | 0.85 (0.68, 1.05) | 587 (3.5) | 1.00 (0.88, 1.14) | 258 (3.8) | 0.88 (0.73, 1.06) | 5177 (4.0) |
| Preterm delivery† | 11 168/179 979 (6.2) | 346 (6.0) | 0.96 (0.86, 1.07) | 905 (5.4) | 0.90 (0.84, 0.97) | 450 (5.2) | 1.04 (0.94, 1.15) | 8143 (6.2) |
| Transfer to ICU‡ | 14 883/174 710 (8.5) | 507 (9.2) | 1.12 (1.02, 1.23) | 1326 (8.2) | 1.04 (0.98, 1.10) | 621 (9.4) | 1.12 (1.03, 1.22) | 10 616 (8.4) |
| Apgar score < 7 at 5 min§ | 3060/179 026 (1.7) | 96 (1.7) | 1.01 (0.82, 1.25) | 264 (1.6) | 1.02 (0.89, 1.16) | 122 (1.8) | 1.07 (0.89, 1.28) | 2175 (1.7) |
aOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. The control group was women who did not receive any antibiotics during pregnancy.
For each outcome, a proportion of the total was excluded or missing, as follows: Stillbirth and neonatal mortality: 433 elective abortions excluded (0.2%); Low birth weight: n= 719 (0.4%) missing; Preterm delivery: n= 141 (0.1%) missing; Transfer to ICU: n= 5410 (3.0%) missing; Apgar score at 5 min: n= 1094 (0.6%) missing.
Adjusted for: age, marital status, previous stillbirth or late abortion, smoking during pregnancy, folic acid use and asthma.
Adjusted for: age, parity, marital status, previous stillbirth or late abortion, smoking during pregnancy, folic acid use, recurrent urinary tract infections, cardiac disease and other maternal chronic illness.
Adjusted for: age, parity, marital status, previous stillbirth or late abortion, smoking during pregnancy, folic acid use, cardiac disease, asthma and other maternal chronic illness.
Adjusted for: age, parity, marital status, previous stillbirth or late abortion, smoking during pregnancy, folic acid use and other maternal chronic illness.