Table 1.

The most important confocal microscopy techniques.

Technique	Application	Nanoparticle (s)	Ref.
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy	Cellular uptake/transport mechanisms study on Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells	Coumarin-6 labeled nanoparticles	[100]
Confocal fluorescence microscopy	Cellular uptake/transport mechanisms study on red blood cells	Zwitterionic quantum dots	[101]
Confocal reflection microscopy	Improving of image contrast of tissue structures	60 nm gold nanospheres	[102]
Confocal Raman Microscopy	Cellular uptake and localization study on human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells	poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)	[103]
Confocal interference scattering microscopy	Detection the orientation of individual silver nanorods and measure their relative distances	Silver nanorods	[104]