Table 1.
Demographic and neuropsychological data
| Older (N = 168) |
Older (OB/WMH (N = 109) |
Young (N = 38) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
| Age | 73.24 | 5.80 | 73.51 | 5.80 | 22.03 | 3.69 |
| Executive function | −0.23 | 0.91 | −0.25 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 0.70 |
| Fluency | −0.18 | 0.97 | −0.20 | 0.95 | 0.79 | 0.74 |
| FAS | 47.23 | 13.97 | 47.79 | 13.99 | 46.76 | 11.10 |
| Categories | 45.44 | 9.75 | 44.83 | 9.16 | 51.37 | 7.69 |
| Working memory | −0.16 | 0.95 | −0.17 | 0.97 | 0.73 | 0.87 |
| LNS | 9.77 | 2.58 | 9.75 | 2.66 | 11.79 | 2.76 |
| BDS | 5.26 | 1.18 | 5.28 | 1.19 | 5.39 | 1.20 |
| SOP* | 3.86 | 1.19 | 3.85 | 1.20 | 2.47 | 0.70 |
| Switching | −0.19 | 0.98 | −0.24 | 0.96 | 0.84 | 0.54 |
| NL switch* | 752 | 462 | 745 | 508 | 292 | 156 |
| Flanker Comp.* | 235 | 254 | 234 | 226 | 60 | 43 |
| TMT B-A* | 48 | 37 | 50 | 37 | 28 | 17 |
| Memory | −0.29 | 0.84 | −0.32 | 0.87 | 1.27 | 0.56 |
| FNAME CRN | 4.85 | 3.64 | 4.72 | 3.76 | 10.58 | 2.98 |
| FNAME CRO | 8.84 | 3.54 | 8.71 | 3.46 | 12.53 | 2.10 |
| SRT DR | 5.58 | 2.81 | 5.44 | 3.02 | 10.00 | 1.96 |
| MCT FR List 2 | 7.43 | 3.11 | 7.39 | 3.08 | 11.53 | 2.58 |
| Speed | −0.28 | 0.81 | −0.27 | 0.84 | 1.22 | 0.83 |
| NL nonswitch* | 1083 | 234 | 1082 | 237 | 735 | 127 |
| TMT A* | 36 | 11 | 36 | 12 | 21 | 6 |
| Digit Symbol | 48.70 | 10.48 | 48.97 | 10.91 | 67.26 | 13.02 |
FAS, letter fluency; LNS, letter–number sequencing; BDS, backward digit span; SOP, self-ordered pointing; NL, number-letter; Comp., compatibility; TMT, Trail Making Test; FNAME, Face-Name Associative Memory Exam; CRN, cued recall for names; CRO, cued recall for occupations; SRT DR, Selective Reminding Test Delayed Recall; MCT FR, Memory Capacity Test Free Recall.
*Variable was reverse-scaled prior to entry in confirmatory factor analysis.