Table 3.
Multilevel, Multivariate Associations between State and District Policy and Elementary Schools Offering 20 Minutes of Recess Daily to 3rd Grade Students*
| Recess 20 Minutes Daily | |
|---|---|
| State-level factors | |
| No state daily recess law | 1.0 (Reference) |
| State law suggesting daily recess | 1.8 (1.2-2.8) |
| State law requiring daily recess | 0.8 (0.5-1.4) |
| Region | |
| Northeast | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Midwest | 1.4 (0.7-3.0) |
| South | 0.4 (0.3-0.8) |
| West | 2.6 (1.5-4.6) |
| District-level factors | |
| No district recess policy | 1.0 (Reference) |
| District policy suggesting daily recess | 1.2 (0.7-1.9) |
| District policy requiring daily recess | 1.2 (0.8-1.8) |
| School-level factors | |
| PE class 150 minutes or more weekly | 0.5 (0.4-0.6) |
| Limited resources | 0.7 (0.3-1.5) |
| Competing time demands | 0.2 (0.1-0.3) |
| Length of school day | 1.8 (1.2-2.9) |
| Locale | |
| City | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Suburban | 0.7 (0.4-1.1) |
| Rural | 0.9 (0.5-1.9) |
| Township | 0.7 (0.4-1.1) |
| Racial Composition | |
| Majority White | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Majority Black | 0.4 (0.2-0.8) |
| Majority Hispanic | 0.4 (0.2-0.6) |
| No majority race | 0.6 (0.4-0.9) |
| Free-reduced lunch | |
| First tertile | 1.0 (Reference) |
| Second tertile | 0.8 (0.6-1.1) |
| Third tertile | 0.5 (0.3-0.7) |
| School year | |
| 2006-2007 | 1.0 (Reference) |
| 2007-2008 | 1.0 (0.8-1.4) |
| 2008-2009 | 1.1 (0.9-1.4) |
*
Data are presented as odds ratio (95% confidence intervals). The sample size was 47 states, 690 districts, and 1761 schools. Statistically significant differences at p<.05 are in bold. Data are weighted using school-based sampling weights.