Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Characteristic | N (%) or mean ± SD | P value for ethnicitya | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White Europeans | South Asians | Whole population | ||
| Total (n) | 134 | 68 | 202 | |
| Age, years | 62.7 ± 8.1 | 54.9 ± 10.4 | 60.1 ± 9.7 | <0.001 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 63 (47.0) | 35 (51.5) | 98 (48.5) | 0.655 |
| Female | 71 (53.0) | 33 (48.5) | 104 (51.5) | 0.556 |
| Smoking status (current) | 51 (38.1) | 6 (8.8) | 57 (28.2) | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 87.4 ± 18.5 | 75.9 ± 2.1 | 83.5 ± 18.5 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 101.8 ± 15.0 | 98.0 ± 12.4 | 100.5 ± 14.3 | 0.096 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 6.8 ± 2.2 | 6.4 ± 1.4 | 6.7 ± 2.0 | 0.175 |
| 2-hour glucose, mmol/L | 11.4 ± 4.2 | 11.3 ± 3.4 | 11.3 ± 3.9 | 0.809 |
| HbA1c, % | 6.6 ± 1.4 | 6.7 ± 0.9 | 6.6 ± 1.2 | 0.785 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 60 (44.8) | 33 (48.5) | 93 (46.0) | 0.656 |
| IGT | 74 (55.2) | 35 (51.5) | 109 (54.0) | 0.752 |
| Blood pressure, mmHg | ||||
| Systolic | 147.1 ± 17.9 | 141.0 ± 18.1 | 145.1 ± 18.2 | 0.041 |
| Diastolic | 88.8 ± 9.9 | 87.5 ± 10.2 | 88.4 ± 10.1 | 0.446 |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | ||||
| Total | 5.8 ± 1.2 | 5.0 ± 1.0 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| LDL | 3.6 ± 1.0 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.4 ± 1.0 | 0.001 |
| HDL | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.010 |
| Cardiovascular medicationb | 59 (42.4) | 33 (48.5) | 92 (45.5) | 0.542 |
SD: standard deviation.
a P values show the difference between the two ethnic groups and were calculated using t-tests for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.
bDefined as any of following prescription medications: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, beta-blocker, calcium channel antagonist, statin, or fibrate lipid lowering treatments.