Table 2.
Baseline analysis at preschool age.
| Median (IQR) transient wheeze | Median (IQR) asthma | OR | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-1α, in pg/mL | 34.0 (15.6–83.7) | 44.2 (18.3–97.6) | 1.10 | 0.84–1.44 |
| IL-2, in pg/mL | 55.5 (35.7–76.8) | 57.0 (43.1–81.2) | 1.32 | 0.80–2.16 |
| IL-4, in pg/mL | 8.8 (4.8–13.9) | 9.6 (6.0–14.5) | 1.15 | 0.70–1.88 |
| IL-5, in pg/mL | 29.8 (17.8–58.7) | 37.2 (19.4–80.6) | 1.21 | 0.85–1.73 |
| IL-10, in pg/mL | 4.5 (2.8–6.9) | 5.2 (3.2–8.4) | 1.09 | 0.72–1.65 |
| IFN-γ, in pg/mL | 28.1 (17.5–44.6) | 27.1 (16.0–44.2) | 0.88 | 0.67–1.16 |
| sICAM, in pg/mL | 190.4 (94.8–416.2) | 265.5 (104.1–516.4) | 1.08 | 0.79–1.48 |
| CCL-11, in pg/mL | 8.3 (5.2–12.5)) | 8.0 (5.3–14.6) | 0.90 | 0.71–1.15 |
| pH | 6.0 (5.7–6.3) | 5.8 (5.6–6.2) | 0.66 | 0.34–1.28 |
| FeNO, in ppb | 6.7 (3.7–13.3) | 8.9 (5.4–18.1) | 1.02 | 0.98–1.05 |
| Airway resistance before medication§ | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.5 (0.4) | 2.15 | 0.83–5.56 |
| Airway resistance after medication§ | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.3) | 2.06 | 0.70–6.01 |
| Bronchodilator response§ | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.0 (0.5) | 1.44 | 0.45–4.55 |
| Total symptom score* | 27 (25–29) | 25 (20–28) | 0.85 | 0.77–0.93 |
*False Discovery Rate (FDR) corrected P < 0.01; §mean (standard deviation).
IL: interleukin; IFN-γ: interferon-γ; sICAM: soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule; CCL-11: Eotaxin; FeNO: Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide; OR: odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval. Analysis adjusted for gender atopy, eczema, previous inhaled corticosteroids use, asthma first relative, smoking exposure, and season of measurement. The transient wheeze group is the reference group.