Table 3.

Impact of various factors on prevalence of waterpipe smoking among university students in Qassim region.

Characteristics	Groups	No.	Waterpipe smokers		Unadjusted or (95%CI)	Adjusted or (95% CI)
			No.	%
Marital Status	Single	251	77	15.4	1	1
	Married	189	100	20	2.34 (1.61–3.29)*	1.01 (0.78–1.30)*
College	Health College	60	24	4.8	0.55 (0.40–0.75)	2.84 (2.07–3.90)
	Science College	25	13	2.6	1	1
	Literature College	475	188	37.6	0.78 (0.45–1.37)	0.92 (0.53–1.62)
Living Area	Big City	291	116	23.3	1	1
	Small city	187	79	15.8	1.95 (0.73–1.23)	0.19 (0.77–1.29)
	Rural Area	22	6	1.2	1.01 (0.55–1.87)	1.00 (0.55–1.83)
Year of Study	First	133	56	11.2	1	1
	Second	107	45	9	0.95 (0.70–1.30)	0.99 (0.74–1.35)
	Advance	260	100	20	0.92 (0.71–1.18)	0.99 (0.78–1.28)
Overall GPA	Excellent	182	69	13.8	1	1
	Very good	185	69	13.8	0.84 (0.65–1.10)	0.97 (0.75–1.26)
	Good	22	14	2.8	1.35 (0.74–2.48)*	1.002 (0.55–1.83)*
	Fair or excepted	111	49	9.8	1.00 (0.76–1.33)	2.01 (1.52–2.65)
Yearly income	<15000	364	146	29.2	1	1
	15000–35000	92	32	6.4	1.07 (0.77–1.47)	1.005 (0.73–1.47)
	35001–55000	14	8	1.6	1.71 (0.80–3.64)	1.00 (0.47–2.13)
	>55000	30	15	3	1.03 (0.60–1.75)	1.04 (0.61–1.80)
Cigarette smoking	No	295	228	45.6	1	1
	Yes	205	134	26.8	6.42 (4.32–9.54)*	6.87 (4.85–8.49)*
Waterpipe smoking among family members	No	68	52	10.4	1	1
	Yes	432	185	37	2.43 (1.35–4.40)*	1.91 (1.28–2.85)*
Waterpipe smoking among friends	No	87	72	14.4	1	1
	Yes	413	186	37.2	4.85 (3.13–7.52)*	3.93 (2.18–7.09)*

^*P<0.05