Skip to main content
. 2012 Oct 24;207(1):39–49. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jis657

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Monocytes/macrophages are indispensable innate cellular effectors in the lung for vaccine-induced protection against Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia during neutropenia. A, At left, Wright-Giemsa stain of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from PAO1ΔaroA-immunized mice with cyclophosphamide (CY)–induced neutropenia at 30 hours after challenge (strain IT4, 70 colony-forming units [CFU]). Representative images are from 10 mice. At right, BAL fluid from PAO1ΔaroA-immunized nonneutropenic mice (without CY treatment) 30 hours after sublethal P. aeruginosa infection. Original magnification ×400. B, Immunofluorescent staining for the monocyte/macrophage marker MOMA-2 (blue) in BAL fluid cells from mice described in the left side of panel A. C, At left, dot plot showing proportion of neutrophils (Ly6G high, CD11b high) in total lung leukocytes (CD45 gate) from PAO1ΔaroA-immunized mice with CY-induced neutropenia at 24 hours after infection (strain IT4, 80 CFU). Representative data are from 5 mice. At right, dot plot showing the proportion of neutrophils from PAO1ΔaroA-immunized nonneutropenic mice (without CY treatment) 24 hours after sublethal P. aeruginosa challenge. A total of 2 × 105 events were acquired per each mouse, followed by selection of CD45+ cells. D, Lung histopathologic findings for Escherichia coli–immunized mice with anti-Gr-1–induced neutropenia at 30 hours after infection (strain IT4, 70 CFU). Representative images are from 3 mice. Original magnification ×100 and ×1000. E, Survival of immunized mice with neutropenia (anti-Gr-1 induced) after P. aeruginosa infection (strain IT4, 70 CFU), with or without local monocyte/macrophage depletion by intranasal clodronate-containing liposomes or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)–containing control liposomes. Numbers on right are number of surviving mice/number of mice challenged. The P value was calculated by the log-rank test with Bonferroni correction and compares the survival of clodronate-treated mice with that of control liposome-treated PAO1ΔaroA-immunized mice.