Table. Elements of External Validity^a Presented in Efficacy and Secondary Articles of Home-Based Depression Care Management Interventions^b for Older Adults.

Elements	Banerjee (Efficacy) (9)	Brymer (Efficacy) (10)	Ciechanowski (11)		Llewellyn-Jones (12)		Rabins (13)		Waterreus (14)
			Efficacy	Secondary	Efficacy	Secondary	Efficacy	Secondary	Efficacy	Secondary
Reach
Method to identify target population	X	X	X		X		X	(18)	X	(15)
Eligibility criteria	X	X	X		X		X		X	(15)
Participation rate	X	X	X		X		X		X	(15)
Participants to nonparticipants comparisons
Participants to target population comparisons
Adoption
Level of expertise (eg, training) of care manager		X	X			(19)	X	(18)	X	(15)
Training procedures for intervention personnel			X			(19)	X	(18)
Funding of personnel						(19)
Implementation
Intervention components	X	X	X	(20)	X	(19)	X	(18)	X	(15,16)
Intervention intensity (number and duration of sessions delivered to participants)	X		X				X	(18)	X	(15–17)
Fidelity to intervention (whether the overall intervention or treatment plans were implemented as planned)	X				X					(15–17)
Intervention costs per person			X
Maintenance
Long-term assessment (time)	X (6 months)	X (6 months)	X (12 months)		X (9.5 months)		X (26 months)	(18) (9 years)		(17) (6-23 months)
Program sustained after end of study				Webc		(19)		(18)
Intervention modified or adapted to another condition				(21,22)		(19)

^a The external validity elements were based on the RE-AIM framework (23). Elements reported in the efficacy article are denoted by an “X,” and elements present in the secondary articles are denoted by the reference number.

^b Home-based depression care management interventions were identified in the systematic review of depression interventions conducted by Frederick and colleagues (1).

^c The authors posted information on program sustainability on a study website (www.pearlsprogram.org).