Table 1.
Demographics and Sample Characteristics
| Low Negative Symptom Patients | High Negative Symptom Patients | Controls | High vs Low | |
| n | 100 | 49 | 143 | |
| Mean age (SD) | 33.2 (10.7) | 34.3 (10.5) | 37.0 (11.7) | F 1,289 = 0.29, P = .59 |
| Male (%) | 64 | 81 | 39 | χ2(1) = 4.85, P = .03 |
| Diagnosis (%)a | χ2(1) = 0.38, P = .54 | |||
| Schizophrenia | 91 | 43 | 0 | |
| Schizoaffective disorder | 9 | 6 | 0 | |
| Symptomatology | ||||
| PANSS total (SD) | 50.4 (13.6) | 63.7 (15.4) | 32.4 (3.5) | F 1,289 = 53.24, P < .001 |
| PANSS positive (SD) | 14.4 (6.4) | 14.9 (6.5) | 7.5 (1.0) | F 1,289 = 0.34, P = .56 |
| PANSS general (SD) | 27.0 (7.1) | 31.9 (8.0) | 17.7 (2.3) | F 1,289 = 26.01, P < .001 |
| PANSS negative (SD) | 2.3 (1.3) | 2.8 (1.8) | 1.2 (0.5) | F 1,289 = 477.81, P < .001 |
| PANSS depression (SD) | 7.3 (1.7) | 16.4 (5.2) | 6.1 (0.7) | F 1,289 = 7.38, P = .007 |
| Education (%)a | χ2(2) = 3.90, P = .14 | |||
| Elementary school | 5 | 14 | 2 | |
| Secondary school | 79 | 76 | 45 | |
| Higher education | 14 | 10 | 52 | |
| Marital status (%)a | χ2(3) = 8.14, P = .04 | |||
| Married/living together | 19 | 4 | 71 | |
| Divorced | 10 | 14 | 6 | |
| Widowed | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| Never married | 70 | 80 | 22 | |
| Work situation (%)a | χ2(3) = 5.25, P = .15 | |||
| Working/studying | 19 | 6 | 94 | |
| Protected work | 4 | 6 | 0 | |
| Incapable of work | 65 | 71 | 2 | |
| Unemployed | 10 | 16 | 2 | |
| Retired | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
| Mean n valid reports (%) | 42 (70) | 38 (63) | 48 (80) | F 1,289 = 3.89, P = .05 |
Note: PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.
a
Due to rounding, percentages may not add exactly to 100%.