Table 1.
Admission demographic, clinical and laboratory details for patients included in the analysis of the efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem™) for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Laos
|
Variables |
Age groups |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| All (n = 549) | Children (≤ 15 yrs) (n = 357) | Adults (> 15 yrs) (n = 192) | |
| Sex, M, no (%) |
276 (50) |
174 (49) |
102 (53) |
| Age, years, median (range) |
10 (0.5 - 73) |
6 (0.5 - 15) |
25 (16 – 73) |
| Body weight, kg |
29.5 (28.0 – 30.9) |
18.8 (17.8 – 19.8) |
49.3 (48.2 – 50.4) |
| Height, cm |
124.5 (122.0 –126.9) |
108.4 (106.0 – 110.7) |
154.4 (153.3 – 155.5) |
| Previous malaria attack, no. (%) of patientsa |
151 (27.5) |
89 (25) |
62 (32) |
| Axillary temperature, °C |
38.4 (38.3 - 38.5) |
38.5 (38.4 - 38.7)* |
38.2 (38.0 - 38.3) |
| Patients without fever on admission, no. (%) |
147 (27) |
87 (24) |
60 (31) |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg |
101.9 (100.8 -103.1) |
95.1 (94.2 - 96.1)* |
114.6 (113.0 - 116.1) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg |
69.7 (68.8 – 70.6) |
64.6 (63.7 - 65.5)* |
79.3 (78.2 - 80.4) |
| Pulse, beats/min |
95.1 (94.0 - 96.2) |
100.4 (99.0 -101.8)* |
85.3 (84.4 – 86.3) |
| Respiratory rate/min |
27.5 (27.0 – 28.1) |
29.7 (29.0 – 30.3)* |
23.5 (22.9 – 24.0) |
| Splenomegaly, no. (%) of patients |
140/547 (26) |
123/355 (35)* |
17/192 (9) |
| Hepatomegaly, no (%) of patients |
116/547 (21) |
112/355 (31.5)* |
4/192 (2) |
| Lymphadenopathy, no (%) of patients |
2/545 (0.4%) |
2/356 (0.6%) |
0 |
| Parasitaemia, geometric mean parasites/μL (95%CI) |
19,775 (17,244 – 22,678) |
27,241* (23,281 – 31,875) |
10,902 (8,567 – 13,872) |
| Mixed malaria species infection, no.(%) |
11 (2) |
8 (2) |
3 (1.5) |
| Gametocytaemia, no. (%) of patients |
23 (4) |
19 (5) |
4 (2) |
| Gametocytaemia, geometric mean parasite/μL (95%CI) |
216 (110 – 423) |
201 (97 – 415) |
328 (13 – 8,195) |
| Haematocrit, % |
35.8 (35.2 – 36.3) |
33.7 (33.1 – 34.4)* |
39.5 (38.7 – 40.4) |
| Glucose, mmol/L |
6.09 (5.97 – 6.20) |
6.09 (5.93 – 6.24) |
6.08 (5.90 – 6.27) |
| Lactate, mmol/L | 2.9 (2.8 – 3.0) | 3.1 (2.9 – 3.2)* | 2.8 (2.6 – 2.9) |
NOTE. Data are presented as mean values (95% CI), unless otherwise indicated.
* Significantly different from the other group (p < 0.001).
a Defined as patient or patient’s guardian reporting that the patient had had a febrile illness with a positive malaria slide.