Table 5.
Association between work characteristics and occupational factors and reporting of NSP and LBP in the past 12 months
| Factors |
NSP |
LBP |
|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Years in current job (yrs) |
|
|
| 1-9 |
1 |
1 |
| 10-19 |
1.02 (0.66-1.59) |
0.81 (0.52-1.27) |
| 20-29 |
0.79 (0.35-1.80) |
0.56 (0.25-1.27) |
| ≥30 |
1.17 (0.33-4.11) |
0.66 (0.19-2.32) |
| School level |
|
|
| Primary school |
1 |
1 |
| Secondary school |
0.61 (0.42-0.89)* |
0.57 (0.39-0.83)* |
| High school |
2.48 (1.71-3.59)* |
2.22 (1.54-3.20)* |
| Work hours per week (h) |
|
|
| ≤40 |
1 |
1 |
| >40 |
1.26 (0.95-1.67) |
0.96 (0.72-1.27) |
| Hours of lessons per week (h) |
|
|
| <14 |
1 |
1 |
| ≥14 |
1.95 (1.46-2.60)* |
1.73 (1.31-2.30)* |
| Hours of working with computer per day (h) |
|
|
| <4 |
1 |
1 |
| ≥4 |
1.82 (1.25-2.66)* |
1.13 (0.91-1.91) |
| Prolonged standing |
|
|
| No |
1 |
1 |
| Yes |
2.23 (1.48-3.78)* |
1.88 (1.25-2.84)* |
| Prolonged sitting |
|
|
| No |
1 |
1 |
| Yes |
1.78 (1.36-2.34)* |
1.60 (1.22-2.10)* |
| Prolonged static posture |
|
|
| No |
1 |
1 |
| Yes |
3.20 (2.42-4.24)* |
2.58 (1.96-3.42)* |
| Working with hands above shoulder |
|
|
| No |
1 |
1 |
| Yes |
1.55 (1.18-2.03)* |
1.62 (1.23-2.13)* |
| Lifting of weight with hand ≥20 kg |
|
|
| No |
1 |
1 |
| Yes |
1.07 (0.66-1.74) |
1.40 (0.86-2.27) |
| Holding the neck in a forward bent posture for a long time |
|
|
| No |
1 |
1 |
| Yes |
2.18 (1.66-2.87)* |
2.33 (1.77-3.07)* |
| Have enough rest time |
|
|
| No |
1 |
1 |
| Yes |
0.82 (0.63-1.08) |
0.68 (0.52-0.90)* |
| Posture characterized by twisting |
|
|
| No |
1 |
1 |
| Yes |
1.94 (1.41-2.69)* |
2.53 (1.83-3.52)* |
| Uncomfortable back support |
|
|
| No |
1 |
1 |
| Yes | 2.60 (1.98-3.46)* | 2.64 (2.00-3.50)* |
All OR are adjusted for age as a continuous variable and gender.
*Wald test, p < 0.05.