Table 1.
Summary of genetic mutations in NTP molecular pathology studies.
| Organ | Chemical | Species/strain | Tumor type | Genetic mutation | Ancillary testing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Large intestine | o-nitrotoluene | mouse/B6C3F1 | Cecal carcinoma | K-Ras p53 Catnb | IHC: CK7+, CK20−, B-catenin+, Cyclin D+, P53+ (Sills et al. 2004) |
| Lung | cumene | mouse/B6C3F1 | AB adenoma/carcinoma | K-Ras p53 p16 LOH | microarray:↑ERK-MAP kinase, ↑HDACs, ↑genes associated with invasion, metastasis, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis ↓tumor suppressor genes, genes associated with inhibition of migration, invasion, and proliferation (Hong et al. 2008) |
| Lung | 1,3-Butadiene chloroprene | mouse/B6C3F1 | AB adenoma/carcinoma | K-Ras LOH | (Ton et al. 2007) |
| Lung | 3-azido-3-deoxythymidine (AZT) | mouse/Swiss (CD-1) | AB adenoma/carcinoma | K-Ras p53 | (Hong et al. 2007a) |
| Lung | Ethylene oxide | mouse/B6C3F1 | AB adenoma/carcinoma | K-Ras | (Hong et al. 2007b) |
| Liver | Methyleugenol Oxazepam Diethanolamine | mouse/B6C3F1 | HCA, HCC, HB | Catnb | IHC: Cyclin D+, nuclear B-catenin, loss of E-cadherin Western blot: ↑cyclin D1, B-catenin deletion (Devereux et al. 1999, Hayashi et al. 2003, Iida et al. 2003) |
| Harderian gland | Ethylene oxide | mouse/B6C3F1 | Papillary cystadenoma/carcinoma | K-Ras | (Hong et al. 2007b) |
| Uterus | Ethylene oxide | mouse/B6C3F1 | Uterine carcinoma | K-Ras | (Hong et al. 2007b) |
| Brain | chloroprene | mouse/B6C3F1 | glioma and neuroblastoma | p53 K-Ras p16 LOH | (Ton et al. 2007) |
| Skin | 8-methoxypsoralin (8-MOP) | mouse/HRA/Skh | Squamous cell carcinoma | p53 | IHC: p53+, PCNA+ (Lambertini et al. 2005) |
| Mesothelium | o-nitrotoluene Bromochloracetic acid | Rat/F344 | Mesothelioma | microarray: dysregulation of Igf, p38 MAPK, Wnt/B-catenin, and integrin signaling pathways (Kim et al. 2006) |