Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013 Jan;32(1):72–77. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e318270d850

Table 4.

Association between colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae (based on culture data) and selected variables

OR (95% CI)1 for colonization with
selected bacteria:
S. pneumoniae
(n=351)		 H. influenzae
(n=351)
S. pneumoniae
 Absent (ref)
 Present		 - 1
3.17 (1.76 – 5.72)
H. influenzae
 Absent (ref)
 Present		 1
3.11 (1.73 – 5.59) 		–
S. aureus
 Absent (ref)
 Present		 1
0.45 (0.22 – 0.90) 		1
0.71 (0.29 – 1.74)
Age (1-mo
 increase)		 1.00 (0.98 – 1.03) 1.02 (0.99 – 1.05)
Sex
 Female (ref)
 Male		 1
1.42 (0.90 – 2.25)		 1
0.61 (0.36 – 1.04)
Antibiotics
 No (ref)
 Yes		 1
0.97 (0.22 – 4.29)		 1
2.50 (0.53 – 11.9)
1

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. Significant ORs and 95% CI are shown in boldface. Model for colonization of each bacterium included variables representing presence/absence of the other two bacteria and potential confounders: age, sex and antibiotic usage within the past 7 days (Antibiotics).