Table 4.
Comparison of Common Temperament and Personality Dimensions
| Common dimensions | Thomas and Chess | Buss and Plomin | Rothbart and Colleagues | Mervielde and Asendorpf | Caspi and Shiner | Current findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extraversion | Extraversion | Sociability | Extraversion/Surgency | Extraversion | Extraversion | PA/Interest Sociability |
| Neuroticism | Neuroticism | Emotionality | Negative affectivity | Neuroticism | Neuroticism | Dysphoria Fear/Inhibition |
| Conscientiousness | Task Persistence | Effortful Control | Persistence | Conscientious | Constraint vs. Impulsivity | |
| Activity | Activity | Activity | Extraversion/Surgency | Activity | ||
| Agreeableness | Agreeable | Sociability | ||||
| Openness | Openness |
Note. Adapted from “How Are Traits Related to Problem Behavior in Preschoolers? Similarities and Contrasts Between Temperament and Personality,” S. S. W. De Pauw, I. Mervielde, & K. G. Van Leeuwen, 2009, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37, 309–325. Copyright 2005 by Springer.