RAGE is a functional LPA receptor: RAGE deletion and sRAGE block LPA-induced growth of implanted ID8 tumor cells. (A) RAGE expression is shown by Western blotting in ID8 ovarian cancer cells probing with the primary anti-RAGE antibody in murine SMC lysates (lanes 1 and 2) and murine ID8 cells (lanes 3 and 4). Assays were performed in triplicate and results are representative of two independent experiments. (B–L) ID8 ovarian cancer cells were implanted into immunocompetent wild-type mice receiving PBS (B), wild-type mice receiving LPA (C), wild-type mice receiving LPA and sRAGE (D), RAGE-null mice receiving PBS (E), and RAGE-null mice receiving LPA (F), and tumor numbers/cm2 on day 28 are shown, n = 5 per group (G). The dose of LPA was 200 µl of a 100 µM solution given per day. sRAGE (200 µl of a 50 µM solution/day for 28 d) was administered to mice in F. Bar, 3 mm. (H–L) Representative H&E stained images of tumors retrieved from the peritoneal cavity on day 28 of mice bearing ID8 cells tumors after the indicated treatments are shown. Bar, 100 µm. Error bars represent SD. **, P < 0.05.